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SQL Commands

DDL, DML, DCL & TCL COMMANDS IN SQL

DDL

Data Definition Language (DDL) statements are used to define the database structure or schema. Some examples:

• ·         CREATE - to create objects in the database
• ·         ALTER - alters the structure of the database
• ·         DROP - delete objects from the database
• ·         TRUNCATE - remove all records from a table, including all spaces allocated for the records are removed
• ·         COMMENT - add comments to the data dictionary
• ·         RENAME - rename an object

DML

     Data Manipulation Language (DML) statements are used for managing data within schema objects. Some examples:

ALL About Keyboard

INTRODUCTION OF KEYBOARD

Keyboard

As we all know that a Keyboard is an input device which is used for entering data with the help of letters, symbols and characters keys. It was invented by Christopher Latham Sholes.

Some of Important keys of the keyboard:

Typewriter Keys (Alpha numeric, Punctuation, Special Keys)

Function Keys (F1, F2, F3……….F12)

Enter Keys (Enter)

System Keys ( Print Screen, Caps Lock and Num Lock)

Toggle keys (Caps Lock, Num Lock & Scroll Lock)

Numeric Keys (0, 1, 2…..9)

Modifier Keys ( Ctrl, Alt & Shift)

Cursor Control Key (Left, Right, Up, Down Arrows)

Some Important Keyboard Shortcuts

Ctrl + P -> Print the current page

ALL ABOUT IBPS IT OFFICER

Syllabus & Pattern of IBPS IT Officer Exam

Dear readers, as we all know that most of us have their IT officer exam on coming 14^th & 15^th Feb. So here I am giving the  pattern and important topics of professional knowledge part of IT Officer Exam.

IBPS IT Officer consists of 200 Questions (Reasoning - 50, English - 25, Quantitative Aptitude - 50, IT Professional Knowledge - 50) and each question of IT Professional Knowledge is of 1.5 Marks (IT Professional Knowledge Mark = 50 x 1.5 = 75)..

Important Topics-

1. Data Base Management System (DBMS) – 15-20 Questions

• RDBMS
• Normalization
• Overview of SQL queries
• E- R Diagrams
• Transaction Management

2. Data Communication & Networking – 10-15 Questions

• Network Architecture
• OSI Model (Functions and protocols used in each layer)
• TCP-IP Model (TCP/IP protocol suite)
• Data Communication (Trasmission media, Transmission modes, topologies, switching methods, types of network etc.)
• IP Addressing (Subnetting)

MCQs of Computers

MCQ's of Fundamental of Computers 

(Part-3)

Portable computer also known as laptop computer, weighing between 4 and 10 pounds is called-

a)       General purpose application

b)       Internet

c)       Scanner

d)       Printer

e)       Notebook computer

Personal computers can be connected together to form a

a)       Server

b)       Supercomputer

c)        Network

d)       Enterprise

e)       None of these

Which of the following is the example of Bitrate?

a)       93.7 MHz

b)       128 Kbps

c)       2.0 TB

d)       5.3 GHz

e)       None of these

ALL ABOUT OSI MODEL

OSI MODEL

(OPEN SYSTEM INTERCONNECTION)

It is the most important topic of networking that is frequently asked in all competitive exams so I try to explain it in brief and easy manner.

OSI stands for Open system Interconnection model which is used for communication of applications over the network. It is the product of Open Systems Interconnection Project at the International Organization for the Standardization. This model defines a networking framework to implement protocols in seven layers. It is also called a seven layers model because the overall working of this model is divided into seven layers. Each layer receives the services from its lower layer and provide service to its upper layers.

The below four layers (i.e, Physical Layer, Data link Layer, Network Layer & Transport Layer) are called the host layers and above three layers of this model (i.e, Session Layer, Presentation Layer & Application Layer) are called the media layers.

PROTOCOLS and TECHNOLOGIES used in each LAYER

Application Layers : Http,https,Telnet,Rdp,Smtp,pop3,Smb,Ftp

IMPORTANT MCQ's OF COMPUTER
(PART-6)

The most widely used coding scheme is------------  

• ASCII
• Unicode
• EBCDIC
• Hexadecimal

A microprocessor is a:  

• Central processing unit on a chip
• Motherboard
• Memory module
• Transistor

A system bus:

• runs at 100 MHz.
• Transports data between the CPU and memory.
• Uses a set of serial electrical paths.
• Is always the same size.

File Extensions used in Computers

File Extensions

Dear Readers,

Here I am giving some important file formats of multimedia objects( like text, audio, video and so on) that 
we are commonly used.

    Image Files

    .gif  Graphics Interchange Format

    ,jpeg Joint Photographic Expert Group

    .png Portable Network Graphics

    

   Text Files

    .log: Log File

    .wpd: WordPerfect Document

    .odt:  OpenDocument Text Document

    .pages:  Pages Document

    .doc:  Microsoft Word Document

    .docx:  Microsoft Word Open XML Document

    .tex:  LaTeX Source Document

    .wps:  Microsoft Works Word Processor Document

Typical Architecture of Memory in Computer Systems

Types of Memory 

Everybody has a big confusion about the types of memories used in computer systems. I try to explain it in easy manner through its simple architecture. I wish it will be helpful for you.

Memory Hierarchy

Short Forms of Computers

SHORT FORMS-COMPUTERS

(PART-2)

Here I am presenting more short form of computer. I Hope you all like this post.

MPEG: moving pictures experts group

GOOGLE : Global Organization Of Oriented Group Language Of Earth .

YAHOO : Yet Another Hierarchical Officious Oracle .

WINDOW : Wide Interactive Network Development for Office work Solution

COMPUTER : Common Oriented Machine Particularly United and used under Technical and Educational Research.

VIRUS : Vital Information Resources Under Siege .

UMTS : Universal Mobile Telecommunications System .

AMOLED: Active-matrix organic light-emitting diode

OLED : Organic light-emitting diode

IMEI: International Mobile Equipment Identity .

ESN: Electronic Serial Number .

UPS: uninterrupted power supply .

HDMI: High-Definition Multimedia Interface

VPN: virtual private network

APN: Access Point Name

SIM: Subscriber Identity Module

LED: Light emitting diode.

DLNA: Digital Living Network Alliance

RAM: Random access memory.

ROM: Read only memory.

VGA: Video Graphics Array

QVGA: Quarter Video Graphics Array

WVGA: Wide video graphics array.

WXGA: Wide screen Extended Graphics Array

USB: Universal serial Bus

WLAN: Wireless Local Area Network

PPI: Pixels Per Inch

LCD: Liquid Crystal Display.

HSDPA: High speed down-link packet access.

HSUPA: High-Speed Uplink Packet Access

HSPA: High Speed Packet Access

GPRS: General Packet Radio Service

EDGE: Enhanced Data Rates for Global Evolution

NFC: Near field communication

OTG: on-the-go

S-LCD: Super Liquid Crystal Display

O.S: Operating system.

SNS: Social network service

H.S: HOTSPOT

P.O.I: point of interest

GPS: Global Positioning System

DVD: Digital Video Disk / digital versatile disc

DTP: Desk top publishing.

DNSE: Digital natural sound engine .

OVI: Ohio Video Intranet

CDMA: Code Division Multiple Access

WCDMA: Wide-band Code Division Multiple Access

GSM: Global System for Mobile Communications

WI-FI: Wireless Fidelity

DIVX: Digital internet video access.

APK: authenticated public key.

J2ME: java 2 micro edition

DELL: Digital electronic link library.

ACER: Acquisition Collaboration Experimentation Reflection

RSS: Really simple syndication

TFT: thin film transistor

AMR: Adaptive Multi- Rate

IVRS: Interactive Voice Response System

HP: Hewlett Packard